Aeroponics is the misting of plant roots in air. Dr. Franco Massantini developed it in the last century at the University of Pia in
Italy. This method has been proven and refined for decades and is used by scientists around the world, including NASA.
Aeroponics
is a technique thru which a nutrient solution is sprayed as a fine mist in sealed root chambers. The plants are grown from holes in
polystyrene panels of expanded plastic or other material trays. The plant roots are suspended in midair beneath the panel and enclosed
in a spraying box. The box is sealed so that the roots are enclosed in darkness to inhibit algae growth and saturation humidity to
nourish the plant. A misting system sprays the nutrient solution over the roots periodically. The system is normally turned on for
only a few seconds every two to three minutes. This is sufficient to keep roots moist and the nutrient solution aerated.
The main advantage
of aeroponics is maximum aeration in the root zone as opposed to saturation. The importance of oxygen in supporting the intensive
metabolic processes associated with root formation and subsequent growth is well recognized.
The science of aeroponics will be the primary method of supplying scientists in space stations with fresh food. It is being considered
for large scale farming operations in areas of weak or malnourished soil conditions. As our global population increases, the concern
over water and soil quality continues to grow. The ability to grow fresh vegetables outside of the soil, indoors or outdoors, is becoming
not only a distinct advantage, but also a necessity. While we have learned much about this exciting method of growing, the benefits
of aeroponics are still largely untapped.
With the development of plastics, aeroponics has taken another step forward. Growers
are freed from the costly construction of concrete tanks and beds. Computerized environmental control systems, automated injector
feed system, plastic plumbing and other technological innovations have also allowed growers to become increasingly efficient in aeroponics.
The result is reduced capital and operational expenses.
